Quantitative measures were devised utilizing participant experiences from our prior qualitative study. These measures were distributed to students from diverse ethnic backgrounds towards the end of their first year of college. Our survey documented the quantitative relation between home-school and peer-peer cultural value mismatch and mental and physical health distress (e.g., feeling sad, on edge; feeling very tired, dizziness, headaches) as well as academics (i.e., inability to concentrate or study, poor grades).
In addition, our survey findings revealed that family socioeconomic factors (e.g., first-generation college status, low parent income) are a main reason why Latinx students experience both forms of mismatch. This finding enabled us to generalize the experience of home-school and peer-peer cultural value mismatch to students from diverse backgrounds.