The Air and Bone Channels are used to Diagnose Different types of Hearing Loss.
The two Channels have a medical significance also. Audiologists compare them to diagnose different types of hearing disorders. If the hearing thresholds in both channels are elevated, this is indicative of a Sensory Neural (Nerve) loss.
But if the threshold in the Bone channel is better (lower) than the Air channel, a Conductive hearing loss is indicated. These types of hearing loss have different ramifications in terms of their impacts on speech and language, and their rehabilitation measures.
NOTES: See a discussion on the Air-Bone Gap.