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• Reconnaissance: In physical world this connotes the gathering of environmental or physical data.

  • The term can also be applied to the inference, deduction or gathering of more data based upon that which is already known.

• Operating System and Application fingerprinting

  • With knowledge from port scans and other sources an attacker may be able to identify what operatin system or applications a target machine is running.
  • This leads to suites of exploit tools and attack ideas.