Diagrams, Trigrams and Patterns

• Not only do individual letters appear with higher frequency in a language, pairs and triplets of letters, called digrams and Trigrams appear with great er frequency...

  • “EN” “ER” “TH” appear with far greater frequency than “VK”

• This information can be used to help match up letters that have been transposed from their real position. If its “vk” the “v” probably belongs somewhere else.