ABSTRACT
MOO, A WHOLE OTHER WORLD:
EXAMINING MULTI-USER, SYNCHRONOUS ENVIRONMENTS
FOR RHETORIC AND COMPOSITION
http://www.csun.edu/~hceng028/Thesis/Intro/cvr.html by
Janet Cross
Master of Arts in English
August 1996

We are still bemused by the three hundred years of Newtonian simplification that made "rhetoric" a dirty word, but we are beginning to outgrow it. Digital expression, in such a context, becomes not a revolutionary technology but a conservative one It attempts to reclaim, and rethink, the basic Western wisdom about words. Its perils prove to be the great but familiar perils that have always lurked in the divided, unstable, protean Western self .
-- Richard A. Lanham The Electronic Word (51)

The Computers & Writing field is a burgeoning cross-disciplinarian community of educators, working with computer-mediated communication technologies, in a collaborative effort to scrutinize the intersections and boundaries of composition, rhetoric and technology. This hypertextual thesis, submitted as a graduate project, likewise seeks to explore, define, and theorize online education, focusing on a small area of the field: the use of multi-user, Object Oriented environments called MOOs. While it is possible to do this in print form, hypertext offers a closer resemblance to the real-time capabilities of MOOs. It is hoped that this project will welcome and help guide interested individuals new to the online community or new to MOO. This hypertext will continue to develop and change, pointing to ongoing projects, encouraging active participation by all, practicing the theory and theorizing the practice.


Hypertext

In Hypertext, Theory, and Technology, another hypertext thesis, Douglas Eyman likens the shifting boundaries, the "blurring" of reader/writer distinctions in "constructive" hypertexts to the cross over of literary and composition theory, foregrounding how the theory is "appropriated and rearticulated within myself as a composition teacher: the literary theory that informs my knowledge of reading also influences the way I perceive writing and vice versa." Our experiences as compositionists also inform our reading of the theorists, literary or rhetorical, philosophical or technical. "Essentially," Eyman explains," I have here appropriated literary theory and consider its uses as composition theory." Echoing Eyman's assertions, I appropriate any theory across all disciplines which informs my teaching pedagogy and praxis.

The distinction that Eyman makes between "exploratory" and "constructive" hypertexts is an important one:

...constructive hypertexts are left open; that is, readers may connect to what is already written and comment upon it, whereas strictly exploratory hypertexts close off all avenues but the ones already inscribed. I advocate constructive hypertexts in the writing class because they make possible a wider range of collaborative and dialogue-facilitating writing activities, and it is constructive hypertexts which best illustrate the contemporary poststructuralist literary theories promoted by theorists such as Julia Kristeva, Roland Barthes, Michel Foucault, and Mikhail Bakhtin. Chap 2
Like Eyman, I too advocate "constructive" hypertext as a means of engaging reader and writer in an ongoing dialogue, where the construction of meaning arises ever anew from context to context. As Kenneth Burke notes in The Philosophy of Literary Form, "Yet when one starts to say, "This is where I come in" one is quickly admonished to add, "but with a difference" (vii). So to the mix of asynchronous hypertext I add synchronous MOO space. Stated simply, I would like to extend the conversation from reader/writer and literary/composition to reader/writer/context and literary/composition/rhetorical.

In this process, I include not only the "authorized" canonical scholars, but also emerging scholars, graduate students, my colleagues, my neighbors, undergraduates, the world and the kitchen sink. It is my belief that learning takes place locally, yet the local community is now global, depending on what MOO one logs onto. As I work online with individuals ranging in age from 11 to 60+, as I plan help guides and teaching strategies with people who might live down the block or across the world, it becomes apparent to me that our future is now. Online learning is a reality; whether or not academia and theory can catch up is the question I will address in this work. So the question for me is not so much what we will do in the future; the question is what we do now that the future is here, as we are becoming...


ReadMe

Although the hypertexted title page and abstract is presented in "traditional" publishing format, the rest of the hypertext will use the spatial and organizational structure of a MOO. The point of entry into the hypertext will be the title page and short version of the abstract. On the title page, the reader will find a link to this full version of the abstract, a "traditional" table of contents, as well as a link to the "Welcome Room," the point of entry, or login, for guest users, which is quickly becoming a more common feature of educational MOOs. The Welcome Room is a "quiet room" where users cannot talk or emote. It is provided so that users may orient themselves to the particular MOO, its help files, theme, and spatial topography. The guest is encouraged to read the help before joining others in the main public room (#11), or exploring the rest of the MOO. Some MOOs provide ASCII maps to orient the guest; some webbed MOOs (WOOS) provide graphic representations of the topography.


The Topography of the Hypertext

The Seuss Booth, an "obvious exit" from the Welcome Room, is similar to a "traditional" table of contents in that each section listed in the table of contents roughly corresponds to a central "room" a user might find on a MOO. If one were to consider the sub-sections of a chapter, these would also, again roughly, correspond to other rooms or objects one might encounter on a MOO. The "obvious exits" will lead to other rooms, other sections, of the hypertext. In general, the notes will contain explanatory material, commenting on whatever else the reader might find in that particular room. Some notes and rooms may actually be URLs, linking the reader to the world wide web. This again corresponds to what one can find on webbed MOOs, also called WOOs by some. All objects created in MOOs can be found and read on the web interface by going to that MOO room on the web. In addition, some rooms have been programmed with the capability to link to the Internet; for example, DaMOO's Bookmarks or DaMOO's Picture Gallery are both MOO room objects which one can enter in the MOO. The user can only see the link as an address from inMOO, but can click on the link from the web interface and go to the URL on the Internet. Using a hypertext to "simulate" MOO captures the asynchronous Internet browsing "webby" capability of WOOs, but lacks the real-time, interactive textual interplay of users. More on "simulated MOO discussions in the section titled "Conversation Foothills."


Main Sections

I Introduction: all introductory materials and help files
II Praxis: A Tale of Some Teachers
III Projects: MOO && Theory
IV Reflection: Reflections Onna MOO
V Theory: Conversation Foothills
VI Places to Go, People to See: bibliography, works cited/sited and other reference material

The first and last on the list, the introduction and bibliographic sections are what the readers of books might expect, corresponding roughly to these sections of a linear book. However, the four middle sections so co-mingle and intertwine as to be impossible to separate. Theory informs practice as practice informs theory. Sections 2, 3, 4 and 5 reflect *only* the Unix penchant for alphabetizing directories. The projects listed are ongoing, and combine both theory and practice.

Each section loops around in different ways, depending on the material presented. To make movement within each section easier, I have tried to provide obvious exits at logical intersections. One can, at any point, return to the "cvr.html" for that particular section. I have tried to make sure there are as few "orphans" as possible. Each room should lead to another room, and eventually, back to the main room of each section. Notes, glossary links, links out to the Internet, and citations are an exception; since many of the links are interspersed throughout the document, it is impossible to provide a return link. In these cases, simply returning to a previous document page on your browser, or selecting a document from the history menu should get you back where you want to be. All conversations have links contained in the speaker's "mood" title: for instance, Burke (flowerishing). Clicking on the "mood" will link the reader to the citation. In most cases these citations are the actual works cited page in the Works directory. In some cases it was necessary to provide a separate note document.

Each reader will come to this hypertext with varying degrees of "cluefullness." A brief overview and some suggestions for "starting points" are offered, in the spirit of a friendly tour guide perhaps, as navigational aids for the readers. The choice of where to start, and how to proceed, is up to the reader


Introduction

Welcome Room
This is a quiet room, provided so that you can read help in peace. People cannot talk or emote here. To get help about RoxMOO, type: readme. This will give you a list of topics to choose from. You will also want to read help manners and MOO Stories. This will take you to the Seuss Booth. From there, explore RoxMOO. Obvious exits: seuss (to Seuss Booth)

If you are new to MOO, please take the time to read the help files provided. If you get lost on RoxMOO, you can always return to the welcome room or any other centrally located room.

RoxMOO's Seuss Booth
You arrive, somewhat out of breath (they didn't tell you about the steep Seuss hill you had to climb to get here). After you catch your breath and look around you understand the name of this hub room. You hear the clack and clatter of many voices from some strange looking huts just down the path and into the foothills, yet the sounds of a fountain vie for your attention from a window overlooking the gardens. A door to your right seems to lead to some work rooms, and strains of Vivaldi whisper from the study door to your left, where a directory acts as a door stop. Since you have already read the help files and presumably know your Seuss, you are ready to light out in search of other places and other people. Read the directory Places to Go, People to See at your own peril.

Obvious exits: escape (to the Welcome Room), study (to A Tale of Some Teachers), work rooms (to MOO && Theory), garden (To Reflections Onna MOO), hill path (Conversation Foothills).
Choose @quit to leave RoxMOO.

Seuss Booth is the main hub of RoxMOO. From here you may branch out to whatever direction takes your fancy.


A Tale of Some Teachers

The study of some teachers
This room is a rather messy study: floppy disks and papers lie strewn about haphazardly, post-it-notes dot the available surfaces of the desks, cups of cold coffee stand forlorn in wet rings among stacks of papers. Piles of books remind you of land mines, just waiting to trip you up. The computer screens bathe the room in strange light from the two corners, letting you know geeks work here, but the comfortable chairs are situated perfectly for reading. If you see any notes lying about, read them. They are public after all. You see some scattered notebooks, Zeb's Class and Dread's Class here. Feel free to read through them if you are so inclined.

Obvious exits: back (to Seuss Booth), workrooms (to MOO && Theory), garden (To Reflections Onna MOO), path (to Conversation Foothills).
Choose @quit to leave RoxMOO. Return to the Table of Contents

This section concentrates on some of the classes taught on MOOtiny and DaMOO. Zeb's class was a small class of deaf students, taking two succesive semesters of develpomental English Composition. Zeb was completely unfamiliar with MOO and brought her students onMOO to respond to a crisis in her classroom. Dread was familiar with MOO and brought on his upper division speech communications class toward the end of the spring 96 semester to discuss readings about the internet. Kiwi and Vivian, both seasoned MOOers, used MOOtiny and DeltaMOO for their fyc (freshman composition class) students. Vivian also brought her writing consultants online to explore the possibilites for online cafe meetings of peer consultants and online tutoring itself. Kiwi's students used the MOOs to collaborate on building WWW home pages as part of their fyc class. Kiwi is presently teaching a technical writing class, and her students are building a financial district at DaMOO.


MOO & & Theory

MOO workrooms
This be the place to where all the theory gets worked out, and where the theory is infomed by the practice and the community boundaries of MOO. You see several work benches in this room. Obvious exits: seuss (to Seuss Booth) side door (to Gardens), trap door (to A Tale of Some Teachers), back door (to Conversation Foothills), help (to the Welcome Room).

This section discusses the main MOO projects of this thesis.


Reflections Onna MOO

RoxMOO's Gardens
The gardens here are lush and inviting. The splashing fountain refreshes the otherwise humid air. No formal gardens, these. Watch out for Mole Holes! The fountain is decidedly de-centered. But wait! Off in the corner, under a shrub, you see what looks like a tombstone. On closer inspection it appears to be stone tablets, much like...yes! It's a decalogue. Odd to find such a thing in gardens like these. You see something stuffed inside a tulip bulb planter. You also see that someone left behind a tattered workbook. Obvious exits: tunnel (to Mole Hole) escape (to the Welcome Room), study (to a Tale of Some Teachers), work rooms (to MOO && Theory), Hill path (to Conversation Foothills).

Choose @quit to leave RoxMOO.

Provides guidelines for planning and setting up a MOO. Also provides help guides for faculty who wish to acquire the needed skills to use MOOs for teaching


Conversation Foothills

You stumble down Seuss hill and grapple your way up the next rise. Things look decidedly strange here. Dimensions seem more than a bit distorted as horizons cantilever precariously out of balance with one's ordinary expectations of physical properties. You see a small sign here. But it weaves in and out of focus. It *might* say, rEaD mE, but you aren't sure. Weird. Theoretical fulcrums whirr and clank from all directions, rather like the harrumphing and grumbling of a rather large Rube Goldberg machine. You might be better off reading the signs which litter the path. Just be careful where they might take you.

This section contains many "ongoing conversations." In many senses, this is the central "hub" of the thesis. You will find many signposts and "obvious exits" along the way. You will overhear many conversation and have the opportunity to add your comments. The notes, bulletin boards, notepads and other objects you find in the rooms will offer some theoretical background on the conversation being enacted in the room. Some points of interest in the:

The Loom of Discourse


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