1.
16-48
2.
16-49
3.
16-50
4.
16-51
5.
16-52
6.
16-53
7.
16-54
8.
16-58
9.
16-58
10.
16-81
11.
16-82
12.
16-83
13.
16-84
14.
16-85
1.Protrusion- actin rich structures pushed out in front as actin polymerizes
2. Attachment- actin cytoskeleton attaches to cell membrane and substratum
3. Traction- cytoplasm drawn forward by actin filments and mysoin gel at
posterior. Sol-gel transformations
4. Disassemble attachments at the back
15.
16-86
16.
16-90
17.
16-91
18.
16-93
19.
16-94
20.
16-97
21.
Cardiac musclefig 9.1
22.
Smooth muscle 9-3
23.
Sarcomere 9-4
24.
16-67
25.
16-68
26.
16-69
27.
16-70
28.
16-71
29.
Myosin-actin interaction
9-5
30.
All from Ca++ release,
but different intermediate steps.
Calmodulin instead of troponin controls in smooth. Fig 9-6
31.
Figure
9-7. The cross-bridge cycle in skeletal and cardiac muscle.
Each cycle advances the myosin head by two actin monomers, or approximately 11
nm.
32.
16-58
33.
16-58
34.
16-73
35.
16-73
36.
Smooth muscle
filaments
37.
Relaxed vs
contracted
38.
Regulation of
skeletal vs smooth contraction
39.
Contraction,
relaxation mechanisms
40.
Figure
9-9. Excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle. A tetrad
of four L-type Ca2+ channels on the T tubules faces a single Ca2+-release
channel of the SR, so that each L-type Ca2+ channel interacts with
the foot of one of the four subunits of the Ca2+-release channel.
Note that half of the Ca2+-release channels lack associations with
L-type Ca2+ channels. DHP, dihydropyridine; SR, sarcoplasmic
reticulum.
41.
Figure
9-10. Excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling in smooth muscle.
DAG, diacylglycerol; IP3, inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate; PIP2,
phosphatidyl inositol 4,5-biphosphate; SR, sarcoplasmic reticulum.
42.
Figure
9-15. The motor unit and the motor-neuron pool.
