MIDTERM EXAM 1999 CELL PHYSIOLOGY

MAKE SURE YOU ONLY ANSWER ONE OF THE CHOICES FOR EACH QUESTION. TAKE 8 MINUTES TO ANSWER EACH ONE. DON’T SPEND TOO MUCH TIME ON ANY ONE, THEY EACH COUNT ABOUT 14 POINTS. Be sure to say whether you are answering a or b for each question.

1.A. Describe two differences between the mechanisms of transduction at a G-protein linked receptor and an enzyme linked receptor (for example growth hormone receptor). Give examples.

B. Describe certain domains on a protein (tell which protein) which interact with other proteins or lipids to control its activity.

2.A. How can the same neurotransmitter cause opposite effects in two different cell types? Give examples.

B. What components are important in setting the membrane potential at any moment?

3.A. How is contraction control different in striated and smooth muscle?

B. What kinds of factors control cell shape? Give examples.

4.A. What is different about what is happening at the front and the back in amoeboid movement?

B. What kinds of factors control assembly of tubulin into microtubules?

5.A. What causes bending of the axoneme?

B. Why doesn’t one doublet walk off another doublet when the dynein arms are working in cilia?

6. How can the kinds of A. lipids or B. proteins effect membrane properties? Give examples.

7.A. What is different about activities on the two sides of the synapse (axon next to muscle or dendrite of other nerve)?

B. Describe ion changes in a stimulatory versus an inhibitory synapse and what that results in. Give examples.